Depression is more than a bad day and can affect mood, interest, energy, sleep, thinking and physical function.

Brain & Mental Wellbeing - Mental health basics

Understanding depression

Last reviewed 3 August 2026. How we write this.

Depression is more than a bad day and can affect mood, interest, energy, sleep, thinking and physical function.

There is no single cause or universal treatment. Severity, duration, safety and personal circumstances guide care.

Treatment can include

Psychological therapy.
Medication.
Structured activity and social support.
Management of contributing medical or substance factors.

Thoughts of suicide or self-harm require urgent support through local emergency or crisis services.

Educational content only. This does not diagnose a condition or replace assessment and advice from a qualified healthcare professional.

Related in this classroom

The stress response and chronic stress (8 min read)
Understanding anxiety (9 min read)
Meditation and mindfulness evidence (8 min read)

Sources for this classroom

Educational content only. Not medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before changing your health regimen.