Different talking therapies work in different ways, and the one with the best evidence depends on the problem, not the brand.

Mental Health - Getting help

Therapy types explained: CBT, counselling and more

Last updated 5 October 2026. How we write this.

Different talking therapies work in different ways, and the one with the best evidence depends on the problem, not the brand.

Where this information comes from

Authority-grounded overview. This educational overview currently cites the recognised authorities for the Mental Health classroom. It has not yet received full claim-by-claim citation mapping.

This lesson is grounded in the recognised authorities listed for the Mental Health classroom. Where evidence is early, observational, animal-based or uncertain, the lesson says so.

NICE depression in adults (NG222) - UK evidence-based guidance on recognising and treating depression.
NHS Talking Therapies - Self-referral route for anxiety and depression in England.
Mind - UK charity guides to conditions, treatments and legal rights.
Samaritans - Free 24-hour listening support on 116 123.

Our standard: expert or athlete opinion may illustrate a viewpoint, but it is never treated as proof. Read the editorial policy.

Report an error or outdated claim.

Cognitive behavioural therapy works on the links between thoughts, feelings and behaviour and has the largest trial base for anxiety and depression. Counselling, interpersonal therapy, EMDR for trauma and behavioural activation each target something different. NICE guidance sets out which therapies are recommended for which condition in the UK.

What to ask before starting

What does the evidence say about this therapy for my problem?
How many sessions, and how will we know it is working?
Is the therapist registered with a recognised professional body?
What happens if it does not help: is there a next step?

Therapy is a skill-building process more than a treatment done to you. Dropping out early is common; raising doubts with the therapist is usually better than quietly stopping.

If you or someone else cannot stay safe, call 999. Samaritans: 116 123, free, 24 hours.

Educational content only. This does not diagnose a condition or replace assessment and advice from a qualified healthcare professional.

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Sources for this classroom

Educational content only. Not medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before changing your health regimen.